The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but several factors are believed to play a role:

• Hormonal Imbalance: Women with PCOS often have elevated levels of androgens (male hormones), which disrupt ovulation and menstrual cycles.

• Insulin Resistance: Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, which can contribute to weight gain and increase androgen levels.

• Genetics: PCOS tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component.

• Low-Grade Inflammation: Some women with PCOS show signs of chronic low-grade inflammation, which may also influence hormone levels.

PCOS symptoms can vary from person to person, and not all women experience the same signs. Common symptoms include:

• Irregular or missed periods

• Excess hair growth on the face, chest, or abdomen (hirsutism)

• Acne or oily skin

• Thinning hair or hair loss on the scalp

• Weight gain or difficulty losing weight

• Darkening of the skin, especially along neck creases or underarms

• Fertility challenges or trouble getting pregnant

• Ovarian cysts (seen on ultrasound)

Because PCOS affects both reproductive and metabolic health, early diagnosis and treatment are important.

There is no cure for PCOS, but with the right treatment plan, symptoms can be managed effectively. Our endocrinology team offers evidence-based, individualized care options, including:

• Lifestyle Modifications: Nutrition, exercise, and weight management play a critical role in improving insulin sensitivity and hormone balance. Even a modest weight loss can restore regular cycles and improve symptoms.

• Hormonal Birth Control: Birth control pills, patches, or hormonal IUDs can regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve acne and unwanted hair growth.

• Insulin-Sensitizing Medications: Medications like metformin may be used to reduce insulin resistance and help with weight management and ovulation.

• Fertility Treatments: For women trying to conceive, we offer ovulation induction therapies and work closely with fertility specialists when needed.

• Management of Skin and Hair Symptoms: Treatments such as topical medications, anti-androgens, or cosmetic therapies can help manage acne and excess hair growth.

• Ongoing Monitoring: Because PCOS is associated with a higher risk of diabetes, high cholesterol, and cardiovascular issues, we provide regular screenings and preventive care.