A person using a finger stick blood glucose monitor to check blood sugar levels.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels, leading to dangerous imbalances. While the exact cause is unknown, a combination of genetic and environmental factors—such as viruses or other triggers—may play a role in the onset of the disease.

Causes

Type 1 diabetes is not caused by lifestyle or diet. It typically develops when the immune system mistakenly identifies pancreatic cells as harmful and begins attacking them. Though family history may increase risk, many people diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes have no family history of the condition.

Symptoms

Treatment Options

The symptoms of Type 1 diabetes can appear suddenly and may include:

  • Frequent urination

  • Excessive thirst

  • Unexplained weight loss

  • Extreme fatigue

  • Blurred vision

  • Increased hunger

  • Irritability or mood changes

  • Slow-healing cuts or infections

If left untreated, dangerously high blood sugar levels can lead to serious complications, including diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening emergency.

While there is currently no cure for Type 1 diabetes, it can be effectively managed with the right tools, care, and support. Treatment typically includes:

  • Insulin Therapy: Patients must take insulin daily via injections or an insulin pump to regulate blood sugar.

  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Wearable sensors that track glucose levels in real-time to improve control and reduce low blood sugar episodes.

  • Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regular testing helps patients understand how food, activity, and insulin affect their glucose levels.

  • Nutrition and Lifestyle Guidance: Our team provides personalized counseling to help patients make informed choices about meals, physical activity, and daily routines.

  • Education and Support: We partner with patients and their families to build confidence in managing the condition through every life stage.

At North Texas Diabetes & Endocrinology, we offer a comprehensive, compassionate approach to Type 1 diabetes care. Whether you're newly diagnosed or looking to optimize your treatment plan, we’re here to support you with expert guidance and the latest in diabetes technology.